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SUN030

Wear

Deptford

Laing Shipyard, Deptford

Sunderland

54.915680, -1.397826

Useful Links:

Opened:

1818

Closed:

1986

Owners:

Philip Laing (1818 - 1843), Thomas Simey (1834 - 1837) James Laing (1844 - 1898), Sir James Laing & Sons Ltd. (1898 - 1965), Doxford & Sunderland Shipbuilding & Engineering Co Ltd. (1966 - 1977), British Shipbuilders (1977 - 1986)

Types built here:

Brig, Snow, Barque, Schooner, Screw Steamer, Coaster, Collier, Barge Hopper, Bulk Carrier, Cable Ship, Oil Tanker, Ferry, Passenger Liner, Barge, Lighter

Customers (Not Exhaustive):

Dublin Pilot Board, Duncan Dunbar, Earl of Durham, River Wear Commissioners, Glasgow & North of Europe Steam Navigation Co., London & Canada S S Line, Greek & Oriental Steam Navigation Co., Oriental Inland Steam Navigation Co., Diamond Steam Navigation Co., La Cie Anon. de Navigation Mixte, Cape of Good Hope Steam Shipping Co., Hamburg-Sudamerikanische Dampfs Ges., Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Co. (P&O), West India & Pacific Steam Ship Co., Union Steam Ship Co., Marquess of Londonderry, Alliance Steam Ship Co., Northumberland Steam Shipping Co., Quebec S S Co., Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., Activity Steam Ship Co., West India & Panama Telegraph Co., Union Steam Ship Co., Bryn Glas S S Co., Amity S S Co., Neptune Steam Navigation Co., Cia. Mexicana de Nav., Canada Shipping Co., Mersey S S Co., Montauk S S Co., British India Steam Navigation Co., Hamburg America Line, Cie. Havraise Peninsulaire de Navigation a Vapeur, British & Foreign Steam Shipping Co., Hamburg Calcutta Line, British & Colonial Steam Navigation Co., Burn Shipping Co., Deutsche-Australische Dampfs. Ges., Cairn Line, Laing Steam Shipping Co., Azov Steam Navigation Co., Anglo American Oil Co., British Government, Papayanni S S Co., Caucasian Steam Shipping Co., Menantic S S Co., Union-Castle Mail S S Co., The Admiralty, Royal Navy, Pacific Steam Navigation Co., Anglo Argentine Shipping Co., Mersey S S Co., British Tanker Co., Petroleum S S Co., National Steam Navigation Co. of Greece, Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Co., Well Line Ltd., Lancashire Shipping Co., Russian Volunteer Fleet, Bullard, King & Co., White Diamond S S Co., Norfolk & North American Steam Shipping Co., Furness Withy, Anglo American Oil Co., Clan Line, The Shipping Controller, Johnston Line, Tankers Ltd, Northern Petroleum Tank Steamship Co., Silver Line, Burmah Oil Co., Albyn Line, Pool Shipping Co., Ministry of War Transport, Cunard White Star Ltd, Elmina Ltd., Trader Navigation Co., Ropner Shipping Co., London & Overseas Freighters Ltd., Drake Shipping Co., BP Tanker Co, Panoceanic Navigation Co. Ltd., Dingwall Shipping Co., Cory Tankers, Atlantska Plovidba, Neptune Maritime Co. Ben Line, Quadrant Shipping Ltd., Taikoo Navigation Co. Ltd., Bank Line, Shipping Corporation of India Ltd.

Estimated Output:

700

Construction Materials:

Wood, Iron, Steel

Status:

Redeveloped

Created:

Last Updated:

14/05/25

12/06/25

Description

One of the most prolific and longest serving yards on the Wear was the Laing complex at Deptford. The Laing's had originally migrated down from Scotland in the 1780s, setting up a shipyard on the North Sands in the 1790s. Various splinters of the family meant they ran a few seperate yards on the Tyne and the Wear in the early 19th century. On this river they occupied both sides, including at Southwick and Monkwearmouth. Philip, the founder of the Deptford yard, previously worked at the Southwick and Monkwearmouth Bridge yard, but Philip acquired Deptford House in 1818.

The first known ship to be built here was the Edgar, a snow in 1819 for himself. The Laing's were an entrepreneurial bunch and operated as much of the supply chain as they could - from constructing the ships to transporting the goods, driving down costs and leveraging their own control over the trade. He did also make vessels for nationally recognised merchants and organisations too.

For a short period, Philip went into partnership with Thomas Simey in the mid 1830s. Thomas had his own slipway at The Strand before entering partnership with the Laing's, and his son also operated at Strand Street until the late 1870s. It was short lived however, and Philip returned to operating independently until 1843. He passed the business down to his only son James due to retirement, whose ships began to be registered in his name from 1843. It was short into James' tenure when the Wear's first iron ship, the Amity, was constructed in 1853.

It was at this stage we get our first glimpse of the yard on the Ordnance Survey maps. We see the extensive patent slipway which extends on a 15 degree angle north westwards, with a smithy and sawpit adjacent to Deptford House where Laing resided. Great housing developments cropped up around this time at Deptford too, no doubt accommodating the hundreds of workers who ended up crafting the vessels here. At this time Deptford was divided by the Saltgrass Dock - later infilled to expand Laing's yard to encompass the full head of the peninsula.

James continued constructing wooden ships alongside iron and steel for some time. Composite ships were also constructed. The reputation of the firm went international in the latter half of the 19th century with carriers, tankers and passenger ships constructed for firms in Greece, Canada, South Africa, Germany, the Caribbean and Mexico. This is alongside local colliers for the Earl of Durham and the Marquess of Londonderry, as well as household names still operating like P&O and the old Royal Mail steam packets.

The the 1890s there were 3 slipways and the original gracing dock, probably alongside some other building berths along the quay side. The firm was incorporated as a limited liability company in 1898, just after James Laing was knighted. James, by his death in 1901, had ran the company for 58 years and for the 7 or 8 years after the business was in financial difficulty. Though orders continued to roll in from various international merchants, it was modernisation and the First World War that really strengthened the firm. Sir James Marr took over just before 1910, and in WWII the yard produced the greatest amount of tonnage on the whole river. Though they did not construct warships, they amassed a great portfolio of tankers, coasters and cargo ships for the government who issued contracts at the time. There were 18 built across the war, totalling nearly 110,000 tons. By this time there were 5 building berths and a graving dock.

The Great Depression again hit the yard, though the same cycle of bust and boom occurred again with the Second World War. They were again prolific builders for the Shipping Controller, predominantly tankers which they became known for, producing 41 vessels. From there they specialised in these tankers as well as bulk carriers. Orders steadily continued for international cargo companies for the next couple of decades.

Independence of the yard ceased after 1966, having already become a subsidiary of the Sunderland Shipbuilders in the mid 1950s. The whole of the Wear struggled by this time, so efforts were made to amalgamate the Doxford yards among others at Deptford, Pallion and the North Sands. It was eventually nationalised in 1977 under British Shipbuilders, who managed to scrape together business until 1986. Today, the mouth of the graving dock can still be seen but little else as the site is still dormant.

'Sketches of The Coal Mines in Northumberland and Durham' T.H.Hair, published in 1844

Ordnance Survey, 1890s

Have we missed something, made a mistake, or have something to add? Contact us

Historic Environment Records

Durham/Northumberland: Keys to the Past

Tyne and Wear: Sitelines

HER information as described above is reproduced under the basis the resource is free of charge for education use. It is not altered unless there are grammatical errors. 

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