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Cambois, Northumberland

Cambois West Staithes

Last Updated:

15 May 2024

Cambois, Northumberland

This is a

Staith

55.140109, -1.521131

Founded in 

1910

Current status is

Extant

Designer (if known):

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Listed Grade II

To Cambois now, and the huge coaling staith which still dominates the north side of the River Blyth. This was the river where more coal was shipped than anywhere in Europe in the mid 20th century.

100 years ago you could barely even see the water for these giant structures on either side, as the river was a critical artery for the Northumberland economy. Coal was exported here for collieries throughout the Northumberland coal field. The Cambois staiths specifically linked the pits at Cambois, West Sleekburn, North Seaton, Newbiggin and the Ashington workings among others.

This set was constructed from 1910 for the North Eastern Railway and is 375 metres long today, originally 500m. The First World War disrupted progress, so were eventually finished in 1923. Multiple vessels could use it at once, with wagons shunted into position to drop coal down to holds on the vessels using gravity spouts.

The original three decks have since been demolished, and the structure truncated in the 90s. Their last use was in 1989, and British Rail + the Habour Commissioners sought to demolish it to allow wider berth for ships to manoeuvre. Little merit was seen when commercial advantages were much greater, and given the Dunston Staiths were well restored. Eventually though, it it was just shortened and we're left with most of this historic structure. It's listed too.

Listing Description (if available)

The lower level of a set of coal staithes c.375m long of traditional braced timber construction. The structure is formed of substantial timber piles driven into the sea bed carrying a timber deck. The staithes were originally 500m long and comprised three decks with gantries. HISTORY: Blyth initially developed as a fishing port with ancillary salt pans, but during the later C19 and C20 centuries it became Northumberland's premier coal port and for a brief period in the mid C20 it shipped more coal than any port in Europe. At its peak, the harbour had several sets of staithes, which allowed coal arriving by wagon way and later railway to be dropped from wagons directly into ships. The coal staithes at Blyth power station, known formerly as West Staithes, were the last of the traditional staithes to be built on the River Blyth. Their construction began in c. 1910 for North Eastern Railway Company, but the First World War intervened and they were completed in 1923. The original upper two decks were demolished and the whole structure truncated in 1994/5. SOURCES: www.sine.ncl.ac.uk; www.keystothepast.info; www.whitehavencoast.co.uk; S Linsley 'Ports and Harbours of Northumberland', 2005; N Pevsner 'The Buildings of England: Northumberland', 2nd edition 1992; Sir N Cossons 'BP Book of Industrial Archaeology', p142, 1993.

The Ordnance Surveys illustrate the staiths near Cambois and North Blyth on the north bank of the river. The OS sheet from 1923 shows the small open section of the Cow Gut which had been dredged and culverted for the railway and staiths. There is significant change 40 years thereafter, with further heavy industry and the power station in construction when surveyed.

Moving back in time to 1865 here, showing the area well before the staiths. The Cow Gut was a dominant feature on the barren landscape, when only a few buildings stood here. The Link House was demolished in the years leading up to the 1890s. There was at least one shipyard on this side in the early 19th century, as well as small pocket hamlets and a public house.

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The West Staith in 2024

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The staiths in 1935. Source: © Historic England. Aerofilms Collection Historic England Photograph: EPW048831 flown 01/08/1935 (August 1935)

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Original source unknown, aerial shot of the staiths and tidal basin. Uploaded on https://www.rootschat.com/forum/index.php?topic=191043.0

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Historic Ordnance Surveys provided by National Library of Scotland

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